What is Clamp?
Clamps are tools that control and hold together by holding materials together with an inward gripping force with the intent to prevent movement or some degree of separation.
In the UK, it would be more common to use the form “cramp”, particularly when talking about temporary clamps, which are used largest for either alignment or holding components while they set, I.E., construction or carpentry.
For example, what you would commonly refer to as a “G-clamp” in many instances is referred to as a “G-cramp” in Britain. That said, the words for clamps like “wheel clamps” or surgical clamps still retain “clamp” across the regions.
There are a multitude of different types of clamps for specific uses. Some are temporary clamps only and used for holding pieces together while joining, and some are permanent fastening clamps only.
It’s also interesting to note that clamping does not have to use a physical tool. In the husbandry field, there is a term for “radius clamp” which describes mounting the animal to a fixed object, and there is a minor usage with the term in finance in the investment banking world where “fund clamps” refers to a rather obscure concept.
So therefore, something could be classed as a clamp when something is acting to clamp something in place, hence why the term ‘clamp’ is used so widely in all forms of discipline.
What is a clamp used for?
A clamp is a handy device, used for securely holding a workpiece in place while carrying out work on it.
The applications that a clamp can be used for include:
- Woodworking and Carpentry: Used in woodworking applications, clamps keep wood pieces attached to the bench, which allows the woodworker to complete tasks like saw, chisel or sand. When the opposing pieces are not held secure to a stable position, accuracy and safety can both be compromised. Therefore, clamps can be a basic necessity for both a weekend hobbyists or professional.
- Metalworking: Clamps can serve a valuable purpose in the metalworking process, no matter how simple or complex the operation, whether welding, grinding, or fabricating; there are many ways clamps are relied upon to hold materials like steel, iron, aluminum, and copper. Firmly gripping the object is exceptionally vital, because if a shift in position occurs it can lead to an error in cut or risk to safety.
- Drilling: When drilling, having control of the workpiece while boring can assure accuracy and no damage to the workpiece. Using clamp to secured the item to the drill table, also produces cleaner holes as well as a safer operation.
- Filing: Similarly filing will impart pressure to the workpiece and the workpiece may slip or move. Therefore, clamps can be used here too as a means to control the object to carryout the filing process; efficiently and without unintended movement.
- Gluing: For gluing applications, clamps are invaluable for holding pieces together tightly while the adhesive cures. That way strong bonds can be achieved and components can align or stay aligned over the duration of the cure window.
- Painting Smaller Objects: Clamps can work in painting smaller objects; they can act as a means to hold the piece still to allow movement of the brush or spray for a more even coverage without having to touch or remove the work.
How does a clamped work?
Clamps are important tools used to grip and hold items in place while performing a task (e.g., holding an item down to a worktop or joining a number of pieces together). Clamps grip and hold onto an item, giving the user a firm grip to work from.
Clamps can be configured in many different ways, depending on how they are meant to be used. Most clamps with a single jaw rely on a solid surface, such as a benchtop, to assist in securing the object, while clamps with two jaws usually clamp on both sides to grip or hold the object or item firmly between both jaws.
How the jaws are operated is different from clamp to clamp. Some clamps have a trigger or lever to easily and quickly manipulate and adjust the grip on the workpiece, while others still use a traditional style where you open and close by turning a traditional threaded screw.
Screw based clamps allow the user to access the grip by how tightly they turn the screw. Moving the grip tighter with the turning action of the screw increases the pressure applied, allowing an object to be firmly and safely held in place while the user performs work.
types of clamps
Here is the list of different types of clamps:
- Sash Clamp
- Spring Clamp
- Power Clamp / Pneumatic Clamp
- Toggle Clamp
- Pinch Dog
- Step Clamp
- Bench Clamp
- Web Clamp / Strap Clamp
- Pipe Clamp
- Wire Rope Clamp
- Marman Clamp
- Bench Vise
- Mitre Clamp
- Quick Action Clamp
- G or C Clamp
- Locking Clamp
- Hand Screw Clamp
- Trigger Clamp
- Drill Press Clamp
- Clip Hangers
- Picture Frame Clamp
- Flooring Clamp
- Speed Clamp
- Hose Clamp
- Screw Clamp
- Quick Grip
- Cardellini Clamp
- Kant-Twist Clamp
- Pennington Clamp
- Hemostatic Clamp
- Mogen and Gomco Clamps
- Foerster Clamp
- Ear Clamp
- Parallel Clamp
- Corner Clamp
- Cable Clamp
1. Sash Clamp
This is a type of clamp that is frequently used whenever working on a larger woodworking project such as building tabletops, attaching cabinet doors, or constructing sash windows.
The pressure may not be applied evenly and firmly on the materials when constructing or building with large dimensions/weight, therefore it is very often necessary to use more than one clamp to help you get even pressure, and while you work hold everything in place.
More practically, the clamp consists of a long, flat, usually very heavy bar of steel, the bar has one hand fixed jaw is usually nontheless tightened using screw adjustment porcedure to create a perfect hold if applicable.
The other end of the bar is a sliding jaw that slides along the bar with locking so that the sliding jaw can easily lock tightly in place this ensuring the materials are held firmly together while the glue is drying and/or curing.
In effect this clamp is a longer and more effective bar clamp that is used for handling large components where strong, even pressure needs to be distributed or exerted onto/within those components.
2. Spring Clamp
Spring clamps are handheld, tension-loaded clamps. They have a lot of grip strength as when you grab the clamp’s arms and it grabs the clamped piece, it will stay as it was set because the initiates spring-back maintains constant pressure, and therefore will give the user a very consistent grip; while giving some level of stability and control.
Life sized spring clamps come in many sizes, enabling users to use them in many uses. They are typically made of metal and always have PVC covered handles and pvc tips; the PVC tips and handles are meant as a safety measure with the clamp.
The spring clamp can be used in woodwork, jewelry making and general craft work. When the PVC tips are removed, spring clamps can be used as a tool for soldering; therefore, creating greater flexibility and function for using it in more detailed tasks.
3. Power Clamp/Pneumatic Clamp
Power clamps are fixtures that use pneumatics to firmly and on a consistent basis hold parts together. It is common to see power clamps as a part of an automated system that is programmed to use automation software to clamp and unclamp the fixture in a timed cycle.
They were initially developed to assist the automotive industry with production control. The goal was to improve production run times and attempts to eliminate manual clamping, which is inherently slower because it is dependent on a human operator of the fixture.
The reach of power clamps certainly goes beyond the automobile manufacturing space. Manufactured and assembled power clamps have had a positive impact on many other industrial and assembly line applications.
Since the clamps are automating the clamping process, the only remaining factor that can affect how fast the fixture can be used is time.
From an efficiency standpoint, power clamps provide many advantages in terms of usability in tight under usage applications, such as drainage systems, or at least semi-secluded spaces where traditional clamps would be inefficient to use in most cases.
4. Toggle Clamp
These clamps often small in size are employed through metalworking, woodworking and drilling. They have a flat bar that secures a tool or material in the desired position.
This works with a moving handle that can be either pushed forward or pulled back to adjust the grip, either tightening or loosening it.
The handle also works with built in pins and levers that provide an increase in applied pressure for a firm hold while operating.
5. Pinch Dog
Pinch dogs are metal clamps, typically small, which are used in more traditional woodworking settings for the purpose of holding glued joints in place. They take on the shape of a square bridge, with sharp tapering ends.
The way a pinch dog is used is simple enough: The woodworker puts glue in between two wooden pieces and then hammers the pinch dog across the glued joint, driving it into both pieces. The tapering ends go into the wood and pull it together for a firm joint and clean glue line.
While the pinch dog has a simple design and usage, it is incredibly effective. The pinch dog has a straightforward function, yet it does not use any advanced mechanism or moving parts, just good geometry and leverage.
They are also a great tool for hand-tool woodworkers who appreciate efficiency in assembly time and the effectiveness of clamping during gluing.
6. Step Clamp
Step clamps are multi-purpose tools utilized from a broad range of industries, although they are primarily used in milling and machining applications. Most step clamps are made from metal and have an enamel finish. The step clamp is easily identified by the series of steps (or small ledges) of serrations along its edge.
A typical step clamp assembly consists of three components, the step clamp itself, a support piece, and a bolt and nut to hold the assembly in place. The assembly is simple and inexpensive, but very reliable and easy to use to secure and hold workpieces in place while doing work on them.
7. Bench Clamp
Bench Clamps are indispensable in the field of woodworking since they also keep materials in position on a workbench. Instead of having two jaws that put pressure on the surface of the material one, of the clamping surfaces is the bench itself.
Because of this design, bench clamps are especially useful in operations such as sawing, drilling, or planning where not moving is important.
Typically made of metal, bench clamps come in a variety of size and style allowing for use in different projects. Even though they are straightforward and inexpensive, bench clamps are considered an essential tool within carpentry.
8. Web Clamp/Strap Clamp
These clamps are commonly used in woodworking and furniture making due to their practical nature and ability to be used in many different ways.
They consist of a strong fabric or cord belt that wraps around the object and fastens with the locking features on each corner. Usually, the belt position is set with the use of a ratchet that allows for a strong and secure fastening.
The main advantage of clamps of this type is the ability to really lock on to larger or oddly shaped objects, to hold them in place to stabilize them while they are being constructed or to lock up larger objects for transport, such as transporting them onto a truck.
Furthermore, if you are working on a more delicate project where it is important to protect the surfaces of the objects being clamped, the belt can work well without putting the attached corners on for more gentle applications without losing stability on the object being clamped.
9. Pipe Clamp
As the name indicates, pipe clamps are mainly developed to use pipes. They are also referred to as gluing clamps because the most common use is to hold materials firmly while gluing.
In terms of function, pipe clamps are generally the same as sash clamps, but the most notable difference is that pipe clamps use a cylindrical shaft and sash clamps use a flat bar.
The central aspect is the clamp’s adjustable jaw, which wraps around the pipe to allow the clamp to be tightened using a screw mechanism, allowing fast and easy adjustments, while still allowing a secure grip through variable positions.
10. Wire Rope Clamp
This sort of clamp, typically called a wire rope clip, is a unique tool that is not easily procured from a hardware store.
If you need one, you may need to get it from an online retailer or a specialty supplier, and its only purpose is to secure a loose end of wire rope by wrapping it back onto itself, creating a fixed point of hold.
It is made up of a metal saddle and bolts that secure the grip by making it either tighter or looser. You can turn the bolts down to tighten the clamp or back off the bolts to loosen the grip of the clamp.
While it is effective in using the tool to accomplish one task, the point to consider here is that the utility of this tool is very narrow in breadth. These clamps are designed for a specific purpose, not for broad or general use.
11. Marman Clamp
This component consists of metal and is designed in a round shape, with a small gap that has a bolt, so you can either tighten or loosen the clamp. It is typically an effective method of fastening two pipes or cylindrical objects in place, clamping parts together.
The advantage of a band clamp is the quick-release bracket that allows disassembly and/or assembly quickly, as necessary. It’s great reliability and strength has allowed for more extreme applications to be possible, such as securing the fuel lines found in aircraft systems.
12. Bench Vise
Bench vises typically have two jaws, one that is fixed and one that is adjustable, which can be moved to the ideal location by turning a screw mechanism. Many are portable and can attach to a workbench with clamps or screws, making it easy to transfer your working setup from one location to the other when necessary.
The dominant benefit of using a vise is that it securely holds your workpiece in position. Whether you are sanding, drilling, or sawing, the vise will hold the material still, allowing you to work without worrying about it slipping or moving.
13. Mitre Clamp
A miter clamp is a tool to hold two pieces of material (usually wood) in place at a miter joint so they remain tightly positioned while you work with them.
A miter joint is a joint created by cutting wood at angles, and applying pressure to the miter joint makes it easier to keep the edges flush and level while you glue or fasten it together.
The simplest miter clamp is spring-loaded and shaped like a “C”, holding the materials together with tension. Not every miter clamp is that simple.
If you wanted a handicap that had more options, there are plenty of choices.
Some clamps have jaw options that are adjustable, which allow you to move the jaws depending on the size or angle of the joint. Others provide the simplest way without adjustment; they are fixed in a right-angle position and can be used to complete the task.
14. Quick Action Clamp
Often referred to as one-hand clamps or quick-release clamps, these clamps utilize a low-effort mechanism that permits the operator to release their workpiece in a single fuction.
These clamps can be broadly classified as one of three types; they can be either lever clamps, spring clamps, or trigger clamps, depending on the user friendly features that will benefit the user based on the situation.
15. G or C Clamp
The versatility of these clamps is unparalleled, and this style of clamp is among the most commonly used in any workshop. After all, when most people think of clamps, it is likely this style.
They are most often used to hold two parts of a project together or to hold a workpiece securely located at a workbench.
The jaw openings of a screw clamp can vary a fair bit from about one inch to over eight inches, making it not too difficult to find a clamp that will work for your specific task.
One of the more practical features of screw clamps is the screw mechanism, which frequently comes with a swivel head. This is very useful for gripping uneven or irregular surfaces securely.
16. Locking Clamp
Locking clamps come with a lever mechanism that allows you to easily lock or release them in a single motion. This quick-release function is helpful if you’re completing tasks quickly or frequently swapping out tools.
These clamps are useful in large or odd shapes because they have a wide jaw opening, and their square shape allows them to securely grasp larger items, which can be difficult for standard clamps to properly hold.
Locking clamps can also be particularly useful because of the shape of their jaws. They are suitable for holding pieces that are not perfectly shaped, such as a tapered or irregular workpiece, because the design helps with distributing pressure out evenly around the workpiece evenly and holding it counter to the jaw.
Locking clamps come in various shapes and forms, with some variations on features, and with various jaw styles that allow the user to select the most appropriate clamp style for their given task or materials.
17. Hand Screw Clamp
Commonly referred to as “toolmaker’s clamps,” these style clamps are typically used in the metalworking process.
They have a purpose-built design that holds materials nicely, especially when utilizing angled materials, which is one reason they also serve as an excellent option when making furniture repairs, since the adjustable jaws will hold the item in place accurately, even on tangential-type surfaces.
These clamps are traditionally made from steel components, which have maintained their longevity, but some companies do make wooden versions that provide a slight variety of materials while being able to have the same function as steel.
18. Trigger Clamp
These clamps, also called one-handed clamps, get their term from their ease of use. They are easy, strong, and reliable to use.
For this reason, they can also be found in a wide variety of environments, be it professional shops, home garages, garden sheds or just simple hobby tool boxes.
The added benefit is the simple trigger mechanism to easily adjust the jaws of the clamp, which is controlled by a button or lever. This feature allows the user to easily release or reorder the clamps’ position should they need to enact adjustments.
19. Drill Press Clamp
These clamps with drill and table clamps are designed to keep materials and boards fastened to the drill press table, as well as creating a clean, accurate cut.
Their construction provides a major component of achieving evenness and consistency during the operating procedure, especially for those seeking a quality look.
Most of them are simple to use, featuring adjustable tension and quick-release mechanisms. This makes it easy to fasten them to your workpiece and simple, fast removal when you finish your task.
Ultimately, they provide an important aspect of safety and control to any drill press situation, especially when it is critical.
20. Clip Hangers
This clamp is a style of clip, which usually attaches to a clothes hanger for manual use. It usually appears in pairs on a single hanger, which is specifically made to hold a garment in place, which is typically proper for securing skirts, trousers, along other clothing that requires secure and reliable placement.
The clips are strong enough to typically hold an article of clothing in place if it is not too heavy to begin with; however, there is some play.
This play creates a certain amount of flexibility in the clip and also prevents damage by preventing a pressure point on the fabric. Some clips come padded as well for added protection (particularly on silk or wool fabric).
21. Picture Frame Clamp
A picture frame clamp acts as a single unit made from four miter clamps holding together the corners of a square or rectangular frame. Frame clamps are part of a work-holding apparatus for producing or assembling a photo frame product.
Basically, four individual pieces have to be assembled to create a unit with precise miter joints at each corner of the frame.
The clamp applies equal pressure in a flat manner, securing all, corners in place as the frame is glued. When using a frame clamp, a picture frame can be assembled with a good finish, clean looking joint and a solid structure to rely upon.
22. Flooring Clamp
Flooring clamps are specialized tools designed to hold material and are used only when installing tongue and groove flooring. They won’t help you with anything other than one job, but they will do that one job well.
These clamps hold floorboards like a pair of alligator jaws. The clamps affix the boards and allow the carpenter to nail the flooring without worrying about the board shifting out of place. As a result, the boards remained perfectly aligned to each other and stable to the grasp of the clamps.
In practice, a clamp will typically clamp up to 10 boards at once which significantly improved both accuracy and workflow to completing installation.
23. Speed Clamp/Bar Clamp
This style of clamp is commonly known as a bar clamp, or an F-clamp due to its F-shaped design and the long, and flat metal bar they typically use. Bar clamps are designed to keep the two jaws aligned and parallel the length of the bar.
The long bar allows the user to clamp larger, or wider workpieces, making them very handy for heavy-duty jobs, when strength and stability are important.
Bar clamps come in a number of styles: T-bar clamps, sash clamps and pipe clamps, used for different tasks. Clamp heads can also be purchased separately, allowing the user to create custom bar clamps.
This is not only convenient, but it can also be more affordable than purchasing a brand new clamp.
24. Hose Clamp
While they mimic Marman clamps closely in both design and function, they also come in several forms and variations and generally provide less pressure than Marman clamps.
You may encounter them commonly used around the house or on vehicles, especially when duct tape would work, however, a more secure option is preferred.
Because they provide a better long term hold than duct tape, they are the more appropriate multi-purpose fix. Depending on the application, there are several forms of clamps such as screw, spring, ear, and wire, with each form also generally having it’s own use or logical application.
25. Screw Clamp
Screw clamps are devices that clamp their jaws by means of a screw mechanism which tightens them into the workpiece.
There are many types of screw clamps, such as G, or C, clamps, F clamps, edge clamps, wooden hand screw clamps, and rack clamps. Each of these types of clamps has its own speciality but all share the fact that the jaw can be adjusted and controlled by a screw.
26. Quick-Grip
These clamps are particularly helpful for low-scale applications, as their jaw capacity is not exceeded too much, and are great to hold thin materials in place, for example, in the alignment of two sheets of metal in some situations when accuracy is important, and you don’t have to clamp with much force.
One of the advantages of using this type of clamp is that you can use it with one hand and use your other hand to position or adjust your workpiece.
Many designs also come with a quick release, making it possible to remove the clamp very easily and quickly by just turning a knob or lever to release the clamp. This means that they can be used in jobs that need accuracy and efficiency, while at the same time being user-friendly.
27. Cardellini Clamp
These clamps are specifically intended to maintain the position of the tubing when working. Without a doubt, if it requires stabilizing round or square tubing, or maybe you want to stabilize a flat material, such as plywood or a metal sheet, these clamps will do the job.
The one thing that is most beneficial about them is their low-profile, long shape, which can sometimes be valuable in tight spaces. If you are working in an area that provides at least a two-inch space, you can usually get these clamps to work without a doorknob.
The one thing to keep in mind, however, is that these grips tend to be more damaging than others if you over-tighten them. So, it is probably a good idea to give your workpiece some extra attention, and don’t be afraid to be gentle.
28. Kant-Twist Clamp
The Kant twist clamp may appear simple, but it is an extremely versatile tool, particularly in woodworking and metalworking environments.
The difference between a Kant twist clamp and a traditional ‘C’ clamp is the angled structure that allows it to hold pieces that are not quite parallel an occasionally common condition in many projects.
It is fairly simple to use a Kant twist clamp without requiring any level of experience or knowledge to get flexibility and hold the material firmly in place.
Most Kant twist clamps are fabricated using steel or heavy alloys, which means they are reliable and relatively inexpensive. Overall, it is the type of tool that unobtrusively earns a space in a workshop for its practicality and strength.
29. Pennington Clamp
This instrument, or Duval clamp, has a distinct shape common to a pair of thin scissors with triangular-shaped eyes at the ends. This clamp has been named after David Geoffrey Pennington, an Australian surgeon who has been credited for the development of microsurgery.
Clinicians often choose these clamps to use in cases where gentle but firm grasping of tissue is needed. The Duval clamp is common for surgeries with the rectum and intestines, and are a staple for the procedure in the surgical division of Cesarean section deliveries.
30. Hemostatic Clamp
Hemostatic clamps, which often resemble scissors, serve an important role in surgery, as a clamp at the end can be clamped shut, and the hemostatic clamp creates a tight, flat surface which provides pressure to control bleeding. Surgeons will use hemostatic clamps to “clamp” off blood vessels before tying them off with a ligature.
The handles of hemostatic clamps have a distinct feature in that there is a provision locking mechanism to securely close the hemostatic clamps in order to maintain consistent pressure and stability during surgery. Hemostatic clamps can also be referred to as arterial forceps or peans (depending upon the context).
Hemostatic clamps come in a variety of designs and shapes. Choosing a hemostatic clamp depends on the use case. The hemostatic clamps may have straight tips or curved tips providing access, practicality, visibility, and variability depending on the application.
There are also specialized cases used in different types of surgery, such as Satinsky clamps, Crile forceps, Kelly forceps, and Rankin forceps, all of which are designed for very specific use cases in the operating room.
31. Mogen and Gomco Clamps
This specific implementation of a medical clamp is often utilized as part of circumcision activities. Many practitioners find it attractive due to its simplicity, claiming it is easy to use and leaves little to no scarring.
One benefit of this instrument is that it is reusable with proper sanitization between cases. Cleaning the instrument is not only a best practice but also gives exposure to infections with bacterium and microbes.
32. Foerster Clamp
The surgical instrument depicted in this image is generally referred to as a sponge stick or sponge clamp, and is comprised of a unique shape and round eyelet design.
In the operating room, this instrument can be used for a few functions, but its primary function is to hold sponges and soft lung tissue during procedures.
The practical aspects of the clamp are that it is able to perform multiple functions. Specifically, surgeons will apply the sponge clamp with a surgical sponge to soak up any fluid that is pooled around the surgical site, and also apply gentle pressure when bleeding is noted.
Additionally, there are instances when the clamp is utilized during a procedure to dissect tissue, since the clamp is able to hold and manipulate the tissue.
This surgical instrument does not only works in medical environments, but people also utilize clamps for out of the hospital use, such as body piercing. The clamp can be designed to be used in a variety of ways.
33. Ear Clamp
This is a small metal clamp, usually under one inch in diameter, which is designed to provide a positive hold of the hose onto a fitting, pipe, or coupler.
It works very well in thin-wall applications, so it’s often the go-to clamp for securing small fuel lines, vacuum hoses, and other assorted pieces typically found in automotive applications.
34. Parallel Clamp
A parallel clamp applies pressure to materials with two vertical jaws that stay parallel as you clamp. The clamps have one-handed triggers, so it is easy to use when you need a
Parallel clamps are used for workpieces where pressure is needed on larger, flat areas like tabletops or doors, where stability and consistent pressure is needed.
35. Corner Clamp
If you’re looking at clamping two workpieces together at a perfect 90-degree angle, a corner clamp is second to none. Corner clamps are designed for corner joints and are best used when keeping an accurate right angle is important.
That being said, corner clamps are made for a purpose and may limit you in other general clamping uses.
If you’re looking to clamp two workpieces’ joints to a 90-degree angle, there is no clamp better than a corner clamp. It is meant to be used for corner joints, so may not be equipped for other general clamp use.
36. Cable Clamp
A cable clamp, commonly referred to as a U-bolt clamp, is a device that serves a simple but significant purpose when utilising cable wires or steel ropes.
The cable clamp is just a small device that is specifically designed to organize and fasten the loose ends of cables and subsequently hold them in place securely.
The clamp grips the cables firmly and normally allows enough space to the wires to roll or slide through as needed, while keeping everything organized and tight.
FAQs
What are 3 common types of work clamps?
1. Bar clamps can be adjusted to clamp large widths and are usually used in pairs.
2. C clamps apply pressure to smaller objects from 1 inch to 8 inches in capacity and 1 inch to 6 1/4 inches in throat depth.
3. Corner clamps join wood at right angles.
What are clamps used for in welding?
A welding clamp is a tool used in welding processes to hold metal workpieces securely in place during the welding operation. It typically consists of two jaws that can be adjusted to grip the workpiece firmly, preventing movement or distortion while welding.
What are clamps?
Clamps are devices, usually of some rigid material, for strengthening or supporting objects or fastening them together. an appliance with opposite sides or parts that may be adjusted or brought closer together to hold or compress something.
What is the best material for clamping?
Steel. Steel is the most common material for CNC clamping and tooling fixtures.
What is the most common clamping device?
A number of the most common clamps are screw clamps, including the following five types:
1. C-clamp.
2. Bench clamp.
3. Bar clamp.
4. Quick-release clamp.
5. Hand screw clamp.
What are F clamps used for?
An F-clamp, also known as a bar clamp or speed clamp, is a type of clamp. The name comes from its “F” shape. This tool is used in woodworking while more permanent attachment is being made with screws or glue, or in metalworking to hold pieces together for welding or bolting.