20 Types Of Screwdrivers And How to Use Them

The screwdriver remains one of the most fundamental tools found in virtually every toolbox. Whether in everyday household repairs or specialized trades, there are countless scenarios where having a screwdriver on hand is not just helpful it’s essential.

From tightening loose fixtures to removing worn-out components, this simple tool plays a critical role in a wide range of tasks.

At its core, a screwdriver is designed to insert or remove screws, and it comes in a variety of forms to match the different types of screw heads.

The head, or drive, of a screw is shaped in such a way that it allows the tip of the screwdriver to engage securely. Once connected, torque essentially the force used to turn the screw can be applied in either a clockwise direction to tighten or counter-clockwise to loosen.

While there are dozens of screwdriver types out there and new variations continue to appear as manufacturers invent new kinds of screws the good news is that most homeowners don’t need to stock every version.

A few well-chosen screwdrivers are usually enough to cover most common needs around the house.

What is Screwdriver?

A screwdriver, whether manual or powered, is a fundamental tool designed for driving screws. At its most basic, it consists of a handle and a shaft, with the shaft ending in a specially shaped tip that fits into the screw head. Once the tip is in place, the user applies torque by turning the handle.

In many homes and workplaces today, traditional screwdrivers have largely given way to power drills. These modern tools are more efficient, not only making it faster and easier to drive screws but also offering the added benefit of drilling holes when needed.

The shaft of a screwdriver is typically crafted from tough, durable steel to resist bending or twisting under pressure. The tip itself may be hardened to reduce wear over time. Some tips are dark-coated for better visual contrast with the screw, while others are textured or treated to offer a firmer grip on the screw head.

Handles come in a variety of materials wood, metal, or plastic and are usually shaped with a hexagonal, square, or oval cross-section. This design helps improve grip and keeps the tool from rolling off flat surfaces when it’s set down.

Many manual screwdrivers today include interchangeable tips that can be swapped in and out of a socket at the end of the shaft. These tips are held in place either magnetically or mechanically.

Some designs even feature a hollow handle for storing multiple tips of different shapes and sizes, along with a reversible ratchet mechanism. This ratcheting action lets users make several full turns without repositioning their hand or the tip itself, which is a real time-saver in repetitive tasks.

Screwdrivers are usually categorized by the shape of their tip, which is made to match the corresponding recess or groove in a screw head. To use a screwdriver properly, the tip must fit the screw head precisely in both shape and size.

There’s a wide range of tip types and sizes available to match different screw heads. Among the most commonly used are the classic flat-blade type, made for slotted screws, and the Phillips type, often referred to as “cross-head” or “cross-point” due to its distinctive X-shaped recess.

Let’s discuss in detail various types of screwdrivers.

Types of Screwdrivers

The classification of screwdrivers is generally based on the shape of the drive tip, as it needs to match the design of a particular screw head. That said, not all screwdrivers are categorized solely by tip shape some are specifically designed for unique tasks or tailored to meet the requirements of certain industries.

Different Types of Screwdrivers:

Some of the most common types of screwdrivers are detailed in the sections below.

#1. Flat-head screwdrivers.

Flat-head screwdrivers are classified primarily based on the width of the tip and the length of the shaft, both of which vary depending on the intended use. As implied by the name, the tool features a flat-ended shaft designed to fit into slotted screw heads those with a single straight indentation across the top.

Among hand tools, the flat-head or slotted screwdriver is one of the most widely recognized and commonly used. Its tip is specifically shaped to engage with screws that have a linear groove, making it an essential tool for basic fastening and loosening tasks.

This type of screwdriver is quite versatile and is often suitable for a broad range of general-purpose applications.

When choosing a flat-head screwdriver, it’s helpful to pay attention to both the shaft length and the width of the blade, as these dimensions influence how well the tool performs in various settings.

For convenience and flexibility, many users opt to invest in screwdriver sets that include multiple sizes in both standard and metric measurements, ensuring that the right tool is always available when needed.

Flat-head screwdrivers are especially practical for everyday tasks like assembling furniture or attaching light switch plate covers.

Depending on the specific task, there are two primary subtypes to consider: keystone and cabinet screwdrivers. Keystone variants have a slightly flared or wider tip, making them ideal for tasks such as woodworking, where a broader blade offers better grip and torque.

In contrast, cabinet screwdrivers feature a narrower shaft and are more suited to delicate work, such as repairing watches or crafting jewelry, where precision is more important than force.

#2. Phillips Head Screwdriver

Commonly referred to as cross-head screwdrivers, Phillips screwdrivers are among the most widely used tools across various industries. But what exactly defines a Phillips head screwdriver?

This type of screwdriver is specifically engineered to fit screws that feature a cross-shaped recess—hence the alternative name, “cross screwdriver.” The design was originally developed to handle higher levels of torque without slipping, which made it particularly valuable in industrial settings.

The invention of the Phillips screwdriver in the 20th century (often mistakenly attributed to the 19th century) is credited to Henry F. Phillips.

His goal was to promote the use of power-driven tools in manufacturing and assembly lines, especially as the world began shifting from manual labor to automated solutions. This tool was an early and important step toward streamlining operations, improving precision, and saving time in industrial work.

If you look at the tip of a Phillips screwdriver head-on, you’ll notice a distinct cross shape. This design isn’t just about alignment—it also serves a functional purpose known as the cam-out effect.

When the torque goes beyond a certain threshold, the screwdriver is designed to slip out intentionally. This reduces the risk of stripping the screw or damaging the tool itself, ultimately helping extend the life of both.

Phillips screwdrivers are a staple in fields like construction, carpentry, and renovation work. Their heads are characterized by a flared cross that gradually tapers into a rounded point, allowing for efficient engagement with the screw.

It’s also worth noting the distinction between Phillips and Frearson screwdrivers. While they look quite similar, the Frearson head has a sharper tip and a more defined 45-degree angle. This allows it to apply greater torque and makes it more suitable for tasks that require tighter fastening.

#3. Pozidriv Screwdriver

Pozidriv screwdrivers represent an evolution of the traditional Phillips design, developed specifically to address a common issue known as cam out when the screwdriver slips out of the screw head under increased torque.

Distinctive for their dual cross patterns set at 45-degree angles, Pozidriv screwdrivers offer improved grip and torque transfer. This configuration, while not entirely eliminating cam-out, significantly enhances stability and reduces slippage compared to the standard Phillips head.

As a result, Pozidriv tools are frequently preferred in tasks that demand higher torque and more secure fastening especially in European manufacturing and engineering contexts, where they are most commonly used.

Pozidriv screwdrivers are marked with the prefix “PZ” followed by a size number, typically ranging from 0 up to 5, indicating the appropriate match for screw size. The tip of the tool is intentionally designed with a blunt end, allowing it to fit securely into the screw’s paired indentations.

Although Pozidriv and Phillips screwdrivers may appear similar at a glance, they are not truly interchangeable. Using a Pozidriv driver on a Phillips screw can lead to jamming or cause the screwdriver to slip, potentially damaging the screw head and compromising the fastening.

#4. Robertson or Square Screwdriver

The square screwdriver, more commonly referred to as the Robertson screwdriver, takes its name from its Canadian inventor.

Characterized by its square-shaped tip and slightly tapered end, this design serves a practical purpose it makes it easier to align the screwdriver with the screw and keeps the screw steady on the tool without needing to hold it manually.

This type of screwdriver is frequently used in furniture assembly and automotive repair, especially in Canada, where it was originally developed and has remained widely popular.

Historically, the Robertson screwdriver gained early traction in industrial settings, notably when the Ford Motor Company adopted it during production.

The tool’s design helped speed up manufacturing, minimized the risk of damage, and offered a level of reliability that made it ideal for repetitive tasks. While it remains a staple in both Canada and the United States, it has not seen the same widespread adoption in Europe.

#5. Torx Screwdriver

Torx screwdrivers are characterized by a six-pointed, star-shaped tip designed to fit precisely into corresponding screws or nuts. This unique configuration allows the tool to handle higher torque levels without causing damage to the screw head.

One of the key advantages of the Torx design is its resistance to stripping, making it a preferred choice in scenarios where durability and precision are important.

These screwdrivers are frequently found in automotive settings for instance, in wheel locks as well as in consumer electronics, where secure fastening is essential.

Though commonly referred to by different names such as star screwdrivers, pointed screwdrivers, or six-point screwdrivers they all refer to the same tool. “Torx” itself is a registered trademark, denoting this particular star-shaped screw head.

The design is intentionally crafted to accommodate high-torque applications, such as those encountered in manufacturing or mechanical assembly.

Compared to Phillips or Pozidriv screwdrivers, Torx tools can transfer significantly more torque using the same amount of force, all while maintaining a secure grip. This reduces the risk of slippage, even when used with high-speed power tools, making them a more dependable option in both manual and powered operations.

Torx screwdrivers are available in a range of sizes, typically identified by a number-and-letter system—T8, T10, T15, T25, and so on. As the number increases, so does the size of the tip, allowing users to select the appropriate tool for the job with precision.

#6. Hex Screwdriver or Hexagon Screwdriver

Hexagonal head screws are widely utilized in furniture assembly and in securing various household fixtures, such as towel bars and faucet handles.

A hex screwdriver, featuring a hex key tip, is specifically designed to tighten or loosen these screw types in a manner similar to that of Allen wrenches. In many cases, hex screwdrivers also double as nut drivers, offering added versatility.

Although Allen wrenches (or hex keys) remain the more commonly used tools for handling hex screws, hex screwdrivers are a practical alternative and are frequently included in toolkits or screwdriver sets designed for general use. Both tools are functionally similar and serve the same mechanical purpose.

The design of a hex screw includes six flat sides, forming a true hexagonal shape. This configuration minimizes the likelihood of slippage or cam-out during use, allowing for better torque application.

As a result, many power tools are compatible with hex bits, which not only improves production efficiency but also reduces the margin of error in assembly tasks.

#7. Spanner Screwdrivers

The flat-headed Spanner screwdriver is specifically designed for the installation and removal of tamper-resistant screws. These screws are characterized by a pair of small, round pinholes positioned directly opposite each other on the screw head.

To engage with this unique design, the Spanner screwdriver features two protruding pins at its tip that align precisely with the screw’s pinholes. This type of fastener is commonly employed in settings where security and vandal resistance are priorities—such as public restrooms, transportation hubs, and other high-traffic or public-access areas.

Related: What is Spanner?

#8. Insulated Screwdrivers

Insulated screwdrivers commonly referred to as safety screwdrivers play a vital role in minimizing risk when working in environments where electrical hazards are present.

These tools are typically made with non-conductive materials like rubber, offering an extra layer of protection for users handling live circuits or electrical components.

Similarly, VDE-certified screwdrivers are specifically engineered with user safety in mind. The term “VDE” refers to a globally recognized certification body that rigorously tests tools to ensure they comply with established electrical safety standards.

This makes VDE screwdrivers a reliable choice, particularly for professional electricians who frequently operate in high-risk settings.

#9. Torque Screwdrivers

It’s important not to confuse a torque screwdriver with a Torx screwdriver. While the names might sound similar, they serve quite different purposes. A torque screwdriver functions more like a miniature torque wrench it’s designed to apply a specific, controlled amount of torque.

These tools are especially useful when you need to tighten screws just right: firm enough so they stay securely in place, but not so tight that they damage the material they’re fastening.

What sets torque screwdrivers apart is their built-in torque-limiting clutch. This feature prevents over-tightening by capping the force applied once a preset limit is reached, ensuring consistency and reducing the risk of stripping screws or cracking surfaces.

Related: What are Wrenches and their types?

#10. Tri-Wing Screwdriver

These tools are designed specifically for certain devices like gaming consoles, smartphones, and digital cameras. They typically come with very fine tips, making them ideal for handling small screws and delicate components.

#11. Square Screwdriver

The square-headed screwdriver, designed to fit screws with a square-shaped recess, was developed to address the cam-out problems commonly associated with slotted screws. By minimizing slippage during use, it significantly improves efficiency in fastening tasks.

#12. Precision Screwdrivers

These types of screwdrivers are specifically designed for delicate tasks that involve miniature components, such as those found in watches or mobile phones. They are ideal for precision work where handling extremely small screws is essential.

#13. Security T Screwdrivers

The Security Torx screwdriver often referred to as the Security T is specifically designed for tamper-resistant Torx screws. These screws differ from standard Torx types by featuring a small pin in the center of their six-pointed, star-shaped head.

This added pin prevents the use of regular Torx drivers, which lack the necessary recess. In contrast, the Security T screwdriver includes a hollowed tip that fits around the central pin, allowing it to engage the screw securely.

#14. Clutch Screwdrivers

Clutch screwdrivers are frequently used in the assembly of mobile homes and recreational vehicles (RVs). If you happen to own an RV or an older model vehicle, there’s a good chance you’ve come across screw heads that have a distinctive bowtie shape—those are clutch screws.

#15. Specialty Screwdrivers

There are several types of specialty screwdrivers designed specifically for use with custom screws and bolts, each tailored to fit unique head designs.

• For instance, tri-point screwdrivers look quite similar to Phillips screwdrivers but feature three contact points instead of four. These are most commonly seen in electronic devices, where precision hardware is often used.
• Another variant is the triangle screwdriver. As the name suggests, it fits screws with a triangular recess in the head. The bit itself has three straight edges that match the shape of the screw’s socket.
• Then there’s the tri-wing screwdriver, which you’ll often find in aerospace applications. It’s designed for specialized screws used in assembling commercial aircraft. These screws have three wing-like slots that surround a small triangle-shaped center. Interestingly, the slots are slightly offset and don’t intersect at the center, which adds to their tamper-resistant nature.

#16. Jeweler’s Screwdrivers

These compact screwdrivers are specifically crafted for delicate tasks that involve handling very small screws, such as those found in eyeglasses or wristwatches.

Available in both flathead and Phillips varieties, they are commonly used by skilled jewelers and artisans who require accuracy and control in their detailed work.

#17. Computer Screwdrivers

Computer screwdrivers are specifically crafted to meet the unique requirements of electronic devices such as laptops, desktops, and video gaming consoles.

Many of these tools are also equipped to handle tamper-resistant screws, which are commonly used in electronics to prevent unauthorized access or modifications.

#18. Triangle Screwdriver

While not as commonly found as other types, tools equipped with a triangular screwdriver head serve a specific and valuable purpose. The unique shape of the triangle head offers enhanced security, making it more resistant to tampering compared to standard screwdriver designs.

Because of this, these tools are frequently used in contexts where safety and restricted access are priorities—such as in household appliances, children’s toys, and various electronic devices.

#19. Magnetic Screwdrivers

Screwdrivers equipped with magnetic tips help hold screws in place through magnetic attraction, which significantly lowers the chances of dropping them during use.

This feature is particularly beneficial when working with electronics, where the screws are often tiny and easy to lose especially in tight or hard-to-reach areas.

#20. Ratchet Screwdrivers

Ratcheting screwdrivers are designed with an internal mechanism that lets you apply force in one direction, while the tool spins freely in the opposite direction.

This makes repetitive tasks easier and more efficient. In many ways, their operation is similar to how ratchet spanners work, offering convenience and control during use.

Screwdriver Sizes

Screwdrivers are available in a wide range of sizes to suit different tasks. In addition to the typical large, medium, and small options, there are also specialized versions like stubby screwdrivers.

These are particularly useful when working in areas with limited space, where a standard-sized tool might not fit. The dimensions of a screwdriver—such as the width of the tip, the length of the blade, and the total length of the tool are commonly measured in millimeters (mm).

It’s important to keep in mind that sizing can vary between different brands or types of screwdrivers. Take Phillips screwdrivers, for example: they generally come in four standard sizes, labeled #0 through #4, with #0 being the smallest.

Another sizing system you might come across is used for Torx screwdrivers. These are identified by a “T” followed by a number—like T10, for instance. The scale ranges from very small sizes all the way up to T45 and higher.

This labeling isn’t limited to screwdrivers; Torx screws themselves are marked in the same way, making it easier to match the right screwdriver to the screw you’re working with.

Parts of a Screwdriver

A typical screwdriver is made up of three essential components:

• The handle
• The shaft (also referred to as the shank)
• The drive tip, often called the bit

Each of these parts is manufactured through a precise industrial process. Machines are used to shape the raw materials usually metal or plastic by means of extrusion and controlled heat treatment.

This not only gives each part its required form but also ensures the material reaches the necessary level of tensile strength for durability and effective use.

1. Screwdriver Handle

Screwdriver handles serve a practical purpose by providing users with a secure grip and are typically designed in a way that prevents them from rolling when placed on flat surfaces.

Over the years, their design has evolved not just for functionality, but also to improve user comfort through ergonomic shaping. This shift reflects a broader trend toward enhancing usability, especially in tools meant for prolonged or specialized use.

Today, many screwdriver handles are made from a combination of durable materials like cellulose acetate a hard plastic and rubber, which allows for both strength and a comfortable feel.

In some cases, manufacturers incorporate soft, non-slip materials such as thermoplastic rubber to further enhance grip and reduce hand fatigue during use.

2. Shaft or Shank

The shaft, also referred to as the shank, is typically constructed from high-strength steel to prevent any bending or twisting under applied force. Its shape is usually either round or hexagonal, allowing tools like spanners or wrenches to grip it securely and apply greater torque when needed.

In most cases, the shaft is visibly distinct from the drive tip not only in color but also in material and the tip itself is often designed to be interchangeable depending on the task.

3. Drive Tip or Bit

Sometimes, the drive tip is built directly into the shank, especially when it isn’t meant to be removed. In other cases, the tip is a separate, interchangeable piece kind of like how drill bits work.

These removable tips are commonly referred to as drivers and are typically used with multi-bit tools for added flexibility. You might also hear people call the tip the “screwdriver head,” which is just another name for the same part.

Screwdriver Uses and Applications

The screwdriver remains one of the most indispensable hand tools found in virtually every toolkit. Its role is critical across numerous fields and day-to-day scenarios, especially where the task at hand involves tightening or loosening fasteners.

Screwdrivers are commonly used in a variety of settings, including:

• Electronics and electrical work
• Mobile phone disassembly and repair
• Computer maintenance and assembly
• Mechanical and industrial production tasks
• Woodworking and carpentry projects
• Metalwork, particularly when joining wood and metal components
• Hazardous or flammable environments, where tool safety is paramount

It’s important to recognize that not all screwdrivers are created equal—different types are tailored to specific applications. For example, screwdrivers designed for electricians are typically insulated to ensure user safety while working with electrical systems. On the other hand, Phillips screwdrivers offer more versatility, making them a go-to choice for a broad range of general-purpose tasks.

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